Imakethe yezimoto zaseNdiya ezisebenza ngogesi ezinamasondo amabili isheshisa ukuthuthukiswa kwayo.Ngenxa yoxhaso oluqinile lwe-FAME II kanye nokungena kweziqalo ezimbalwa zokuvelela, ukuthengiswa kule makethe kuphindwe kabili uma kuqhathaniswa nangaphambili, okube yimakethe yesibili ngobukhulu emhlabeni ngemuva kwe-China.
Isimo semakethe yezimoto zaseNdiya ezinamasondo amabili ngo-2022
E-India, njengamanje kunezinkampani ezingama-28 ezisungule noma ezisezinhlelweni zokusungula amabhizinisi okukhiqiza noma okuhlanganisa ama-scooters/izithuthuthu zikagesi (ngaphandle korisho).Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinkampani ezingu-12 ezamenyezelwa uhulumeni waseNdiya ngo-2015 lapho kumenyezelwa i-Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Hybrid and Electric Vehicles Scheme, inani labakhiqizi liye landa kakhulu, kodwa uma liqhathaniswa nabakhiqizi bamanje e-Europe, liseyinto encane.
Uma kuqhathaniswa no-2017, ukuthengiswa kwama-scooters kagesi e-India kukhuphuke ngo-127% ngo-2018 futhi kwaqhubeka nokukhula ngo-22% ngo-2019, ngenxa yohlelo olusha lwe-FAME II olwethulwe uhulumeni wase-India ngo-April 1, 2019. Ngeshwa, ngenxa Umthelela we-Covid-19 ngo-2020, yonke imakethe yezimoto zaseNdiya ezinamasondo amabili (okuhlanganisa nezimoto zikagesi) yehle kakhulu ngama-26%.Yize iphinde yasimama ngo-123% ngo-2021, le makethe encane isencane kakhulu, ibalwa kuphela u-1.2% wayo yonke imboni futhi ingenye yezimakethe ezincane emhlabeni.
Kodwa-ke, konke lokhu kwashintsha ngo-2022, lapho ukuthengiswa kwengxenye kugxumela ku-652.643 (+347%), okuhlanganisa cishe u-4.5% wayo yonke imboni.Imakethe yezimoto ezisebenza ngogesi ezinamasondo amabili eNdiya njengamanje iyimakethe yesibili ngobukhulu ngemuva kweChina.
Ziningi izizathu ezenza lokhu kukhula kungazelelwe.Isici esibalulekile ukwethulwa kohlelo loxhaso lwe-FAME II, olukhuthaze ukuzalwa kwezimoto eziningi ezisebenza ngogesi ezinamasondo amabili futhi lwakha nezinhlelo ezifisa ukunwetshwa.
Kulezi zinsuku, i-FAME II iqinisekisa uxhaso lwama-rupees angu-10000 (cishe u-$120, 860 RMB) ngehora le-kilowatt ngamasondo amabili kagesi aqinisekisiwe.Ukwethulwa kwalolu hlelo loxhaso kuholele ekutheni cishe wonke amamodeli adayiswayo abekwe amanani acishe abe uhhafu yenani lawo adlule.Eqinisweni, ngaphezu kuka-95% wamasondo amabili kagesi emigwaqweni yaseNdiya ayizikuta zikagesi ezinesivinini esiphansi (ngaphansi kwamakhilomitha angama-25 ngehora) ezingadingi ukubhaliswa nelayisensi.Cishe zonke izikuta zikagesi zisebenzisa amabhethri e-lead-acid ukuze kuqinisekiswe amanani aphansi, kodwa lokhu kuphinde kuholele emazingeni aphezulu okuhluleka kwebhethri nempilo emfushane yebhethri ibe yizici eziyinhloko ezikhawulelayo ngaphandle kwezibonelelo zikahulumeni.
Uma sibheka imakethe yaseNdiya, abakhiqizi bezimoto ezihamba ngogesi abahlanu abahamba phambili ngogesi bami kanje: Okokuqala, i-Hero ihamba phambili ngokuthengiswa kwe-126192, ilandelwe yi-Okinawa: 111390, Ola: 108705, Ampere: 69558, ne-TVS: 59165.
Mayelana nezithuthuthu, iHero ikleliswe endaweni yokuqala ngokudayiswa okulinganiselwa ku-5 million (okunyuke ngo-4.8%), kulandele iHonda edayise cishe amayunithi angu-4.2 million (okunyuke ngo-11.3%), kanti iTVS Motor ikleliswe isithathu ngokudayisa cishe 2.5 million amayunithi (okunyuke ngo-19.5%).I-Bajaj Auto ikleliswe endaweni yesine ngokuthengiswa kwamayunithi acishe abe yizigidi ezingu-1.6 (phansi ngo-3.0%), kuyilapho i-Suzuki ikleliswe endaweni yesihlanu ngokuthengiswa kwamayunithi angu-731934 (akhuphuke ngo-18.7%).
Amathrendi nedatha kumasondo amabili e-India ngo-2023
Ngemuva kokukhombisa izimpawu zokululama ngo-2022, imakethe yesithuthuthu/isithuthuthu saseNdiya inciphise igebe nemakethe yaseShayina, yahlanganisa isikhundla sayo njengendawo yesibili ngobukhulu emhlabeni, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi ifinyelele ukukhula okucishe kube ngamadijithi amabili ngo-2023.
Imakethe igcine ithuthuke ngokushesha iqhutshwa impumelelo yabakhiqizi abasha abambalwa bemishini yoqobo abasebenza ngama-scooters kagesi, bephula isikhundla esiphezulu sabakhiqizi bendabuko abahlanu abaphezulu futhi babaphoqa ukuthi batshale ezimotweni zikagesi namamodeli amasha, esimanjemanje.
Kodwa-ke, ukwehla kwamandla emali emhlabeni wonke kanye nokuphazamiseka kwe-supply chain kubangela ubungozi obungathi sína ekubuyiseleni kabusha, uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi i-India izwela kakhulu emithelela yentengo futhi ukukhiqiza kwangaphakathi kubala u-99.9% wokuthengiswa kwangaphakathi.Ngemuva kokuthi uhulumeni enyuse kakhulu izindlela zokukhuthaza kanye nesidingo sezimoto zikagesi saba yinto entsha enhle emakethe, i-India nayo isiqalile ukusheshisa inqubo yokufakwa kukagesi.
Ngo-2022, ukudayiswa kwezimoto ezimbili ezinamasondo kufinyelele ezigidini ezingu-16.2 (okukhuphuke ngo-13.2%), nokwanda okungama-20% ngoDisemba.Imininingwane iqinisekisa ukuthi imakethe yezimoto zikagesi igcine iqalile ukukhula ngo-2022, ukuthengiswa kwafinyelela kumayunithi angama-630000, okuwukunyuka okumangazayo kwama-511.5%.Kulindeleke ukuthi ngo-2023, le makethe ifinyelele esikalini sezimoto ezilinganiselwa ku-1 million.
Izinjongo zikahulumeni waseNdiya zango-2025
Phakathi kwamadolobha angama-20 anokungcola okubi kakhulu emhlabeni, iNdiya ibalelwa ku-15, kanti izingozi zemvelo empilweni yabantu ziya ngokuya ziba zimbi.Uhulumeni ucishe wabukela phansi umthelela wezomnotho wezinqubomgomo ezintsha zokuthuthukiswa kwamandla kuze kube manje.Manje, ukuze kwehliswe ukukhishwa kwe-carbon dioxide kanye nokuthengwa kukaphethiloli, uhulumeni waseNdiya uthatha isinyathelo esisebenzayo.Uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi cishe u-60% wokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli wezwe uvela kuma-scooters, iqembu lochwepheshe (kuhlanganise nabamele abakhiqizi bendawo) libone indlela engcono kakhulu yokuthi i-India ifinyelele ngokushesha ukufakwa kukagesi.
Umgomo wabo omkhulu uwukushintsha ngokuphelele i-150cc (ngaphezu kuka-90% wemakethe yamanje) amasondo amasondo amasha ngo-2025, kusetshenziswa izinjini zikagesi ezingu-100%.Eqinisweni, ukuthengisa akukhona, ngokuhlolwa okuthile nokuthengiswa kwemikhumbi.Amandla ezimoto ezisebenza ngogesi ezinamasondo amabili azoshayelwa yizinjini zikagesi esikhundleni sezinjini zikaphethiloli, kanye nokuthuthuka ngokushesha kwezindleko eziphumelelayo.ezingavamile emhlabeni unomphela uzibuthe motorsinikeza ukwesekwa kwezobuchwepheshe ukuze kufezwe ugesi ngokushesha.Ukuphumelela kwalo mgomo kuncike nakanjani eChina, ekhiqiza ngaphezu kwama-90% omhlabaOzibuthe be-Earth Neodymium abangavamile.
Okwamanje alukho uhlelo olumenyezelwe lokuthuthukisa ngokuyisisekelo ingqalasizinda kazwelonke kanye nezizimele, noma ukususa amanye akhona amakhulu ezigidi zamasondo amabili aphelelwe yisikhathi emigwaqweni.
Uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi izinga lamanje lembonini le-0-150cc scooters lisondele ezimotweni eziyizigidi ezingama-20 ngonyaka, ukuzuza ukukhiqizwa kwangempela okungu-100% phakathi neminyaka emi-5 kungaba izindleko ezinkulu kubakhiqizi basekhaya.Uma ubheka ama-balance sheets e-Bajaj ne-Hero, umuntu angabona ukuthi anenzuzo ngempela.Kodwa-ke, kunoma yikuphi, umgomo kahulumeni uzophoqa abakhiqizi basekhaya ukuthi batshale izimali ezinkulu, futhi uhulumeni waseNdiya uzophinde wethule izinhlobo ezahlukene zoxhaso ukuze kwehliswe ezinye zezindleko zabakhiqizi (ezingakadalulwa).
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-01-2023