Iqoqo lokuqala lesabelo sezimayini somhlaba esingavamile kanye nokuncibilikisa kwakhululwa ngo-2024, kuqhubeka isimo sesabelo sezimayini somhlaba esingavamile esiqhubekayo esingavamile kanye nokutholakala okuqinile kanye nesidingo sendawo engavamile yomhlaba ephakathi nendawo nesindayo. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi iqoqo lokuqala lenkomba yomhlaba engavamile likhishwe isikhathi esingaphezu kwenyanga ngaphambi kweqoqo elifanayo lenkomba ngonyaka odlule, futhi ngaphansi kwezinyanga ezimbili ngaphambi kokuba iqoqo lesithathu lenkomba yomhlaba engavamile likhishwe ngo-2023.
Ngobusuku bangomhla ziyisi-6 kuNhlolanja, uMnyango Wezimboni Nobuchwepheshe Bolwazi kanye noMnyango Wezemvelo bakhiphe isaziso ngenani eliphelele lokulawulwa kweqoqo lokuqala lezimayini zomhlaba ezingavamile, ukuncibilikiswa nokuhlukaniswa ngo-2024 (ngemuva kwalokhu okubizwa ngokuthi “Isaziso ”). Isaziso siveze ukuthi inani eliphelele lokulawula iqoqo lokuqala lezimayini zomhlaba ezingavamile, ukuncibilika nokuhlukaniswa ngo-2024 lalingamathani angu-135 000 kanye namathani angu-127 000, ngokulandelana, likhuphuke ngo-12.5% no-10.4% uma liqhathaniswa neqoqo elifanayo ngo-2023, kodwa izinga lokukhula konyaka nonyaka lehlile. Eqoqweni lokuqala lezinkomba zezimayini zomhlaba ezingavamile ngo-2024, izinga lokukhula kwezimayini zomhlaba ezingavamile liye lehla kakhulu, kuyilapho izinkomba zokumbiwa kwezimayini zomhlaba ezingavamile okuphakathi nendawo nezisindayo zibonise ukukhula okungekuhle. NgokweSaziso, iqoqwana lokuqala lezinkomba zezimayini ezingavamile ezikhanyayo kulo nyaka zingamathani ayi-124900, okuwukukhula ngo-14.5% uma kuqhathaniswa neqoqwana elifanayo ngonyaka odlule, elingaphansi kakhulu kwezinga lokukhula lika-22.11% eqenjini elifanayo ngonyaka odlule; Mayelana nezimayini zomhlaba ezingavamile ezimaphakathi nezisindayo, iqoqwana lokuqala lezinkomba zomhlaba ezingavamile ezimaphakathi nezisindayo kulo nyaka bekungamathani ayi-10100, ukwehla ngo-7.3% uma kuqhathaniswa neqoqwana elifanayo ngonyaka odlule.
Kusukela kule datha engenhla, kubonakala ukuthi eminyakeni yamuva, izinkomba zonyaka zezimayini kanye nokuncibilikiswa komhlaba ezingavamile ziye zanda ngokuqhubekayo, ikakhulukazi inani lemihlaba engavamile elikhanyayo liye landa unyaka nonyaka, kuyilapho inani lomhlaba ongavamile eliphakathi nendawo nelisindayo liye lanyuka. yahlala ingashintshile. Inkomba yemihlaba engavamile ephakathi nendawo nesindayo ayizange inyuke iminyaka eminingi, futhi iye yehla ngisho naseminyakeni emibili edlule. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lokhu kungenxa yokusetshenziswa kwe-pool leaching kanye nezindlela zokukhipha inqwaba ezimayini zohlobo lwe-ion rare earths, okuzobeka usongo olukhulu endaweni yemvelo yendawo yezimayini; Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imithombo yomhlaba engavamile yaseShayina ephakathi nendawo nesindayo ayitholakali, futhi izwe alinikezi ngezimayini ezikhuphukayo ukuze kuvikelwe izinsiza ezibalulekile zamasu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokusho kwedatha evela ku-General Administration of Customs, ngo-2023, i-China yangenisa amathani angu-175852.5 ezinto ezingavamile zomhlaba, okuwukunyuka konyaka ngama-44.8%. Ngo-2023, i-China yangenisa amathani angama-43856 ama-oxides angavamile emhlabeni, okuwukunyuka konyaka ngama-206%. Ngo-2023, ukungeniswa kwe-carbonate yomhlaba okuxubile e-China okuxubile nakho kukhuphuke kakhulu, ngevolumu yokungenisa ehlanganisiwe engamathani ayi-15109, okuwukukhula konyaka okufika ku-882%. Kusukela ezibalweni zamasiko, kubonakala ukuthi ukuthengwa kweChina kwezimbiwa zomhlaba ezingavamile ze-ionic ezivela eMyanmar nakwamanye amazwe kuye kwanda kakhulu ngo-2023. Uma kucatshangelwa ukutholakala okwanele kwamaminerali angavamile e-ionic, ukwanda okulandelayo kwezinkomba ze-ionic rare earth minerals kungase kube. okulinganiselwe.
Isakhiwo sokwabiwa kweqoqo lokuqala lezinkomba zezimayini zomhlaba ezingavamile kanye nokuncibilikiswa silungisiwe kulo nyaka, kusele i-China Rare Earth Group kanye neNorthern Rare Earth Group kuphela eSaziso, kuyilapho i-Xiamen Tungsten kanye ne-Guangdong Rare Earth Group bengafakiwe. Ngokwesakhiwo, i-China Rare Earth Group ukuphela kweqembu lomhlaba elingavamile elinezinkomba zezimayini zomhlaba ezingavamile kanye nezimayini zomhlaba ezingavamile ezisindayo. Emhlabeni ongavamile ophakathi nendawo nosindayo, ukuqiniswa kwezinkomba kuphinde kugqamise ukushoda kwazo kanye nesimo samasu, kuyilapho ukudidiyelwa okuqhubekayo kohlangothi lokuhlinzeka kuzoqhubeka nokuthuthukisa isimo semboni.
Ochwepheshe bezimboni bathi inkomba yomhlaba engavamile cishe izoqhubeka nokukhula njengensimbi engezansi nomfulaizimboni ze-magnetic materialqhubeka nokwandisa ukukhiqiza. Nokho, kulindeleke ukuthi izinga lokukhula kwezinkomba zomhlaba ezingavamile lizokwehla kakhulu esikhathini esizayo. Njengamanje, kukhona ukunikezwa okwanele kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo zomhlaba ezingavamile, kodwa ngenxa yamanani aphansi emakethe, inzuzo yokuphela kwezimayini iye yacindezelwa, futhi abanikazi bafinyelele iphuzu lapho bengakwazi ukuqhubeka nokunikeza inzuzo.
Ngo-2024, umgomo wokulawula inani eliphelele uzohlala ungashintshiwe ohlangothini lokuhlinzeka, kuyilapho uhlangothi lwesidingo luzozuza ekukhuleni okusheshayo emikhakheni yezimoto zamandla amasha, amandla omoya, namarobhothi ezimboni. Iphethini yesidingo sokuhlinzeka ingase ishintshe iye ekunikezeni okungaphezu kwesidingo. Kulindeleke ukuthi isidingo global forI-Praseodymium Neodymium oxideizofinyelela kumathani angama-97100 ngo-2024, okuwukunyuka kwamathani ayi-11000 unyaka nonyaka. Ukunikezwa bekungamathani angama-96300, okuwukunyuka kwamathani angama-3500 unyaka nonyaka; igebe lesidingo sokuhlinzeka ngamathani angama-800. Ngaso leso sikhathi, ngokusheshisa kokuhlanganiswa kochungechunge lwezimboni zomhlaba ezingavamile zaseShayina kanye nokwanda kokugxila embonini, amandla okukhuluma amaqembu omhlaba ayivelakancane ochungechungeni lwemboni kanye nekhono lawo lokulawula amanani kulindeleke ukuthi likhuphuke, kanye nokusekelwa amanani omhlaba angavamile kulindeleke ukuthi aqiniswe. Izinto zikazibuthe ezihlala unomphela ziyinkambu yesicelo ebaluleke kakhulu nethembisayo yomhlaba ongavamile. Umkhiqizo omele wezinto ezingavamile zikazibuthe zomhlaba ezihlala unomphela, uzibuthe we-Neodymium osebenza kakhulu, usetshenziswa kakhulu emikhakheni enezimpawu zokukhula okuphezulu njengezimoto zamandla amasha, izinjini zomoya, kanyeamarobhothi ezimboni. Ochwepheshe babikezela ukuthi isidingo somhlaba wonke sikazibuthe we-Neodymium Iron Boron esebenza kahle sizofinyelela amathani ayi-183000 ngo-2024, okuwukukhula konyaka nonyaka ngo-13.8%.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-19-2024