ElaseShayinaunomphela uzibuthe impahlaimboni idlala indima ebalulekile emhlabeni. Akuwona nje kuphela amabhizinisi amaningi ahlanganyela ekukhiqizeni nasekusebenziseni, kodwa futhi umsebenzi wocwaningo ubulokhu ukhuphuka. Izinto zikazibuthe ezihlala njalo zihlukaniswa kakhuluuzibuthe womhlaba ongavamile, uzibuthe wensimbi unomphela, uzibuthe oyinhlanganisela unomphela kanye nozibuthe we-ferrite unomphela. Phakathi kwazo,umhlaba ongavamile uzibuthe we-Neodymiumiwumkhiqizo ozibuthe osetshenziswa kabanzi futhi othuthukayo.
1. I-China isebenzisa izinto ezingavamile zikazibuthe zomhlaba ze-Neodymium.
I-China ingumkhiqizi omkhulu wamaminerali omhlaba ayivelakancane, ebalelwa ku-62.9% wesamba semikhiqizo yamaminerali angavamile ngonyaka wezi-2019, ilandelwa yi-United States ne-Australia, ibalwa ku-12.4% kanye no-10% ngokulandelana. Ngenxa yeziqiwi zomhlaba ezingavamile, i-China isibe isizinda sokukhiqiza esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni kanye nesizinda sokuthekelisa sozibuthe bomhlaba abangavamile. Ngokwezibalo ze-China Rare Earth Industry Association, ngonyaka ka-2018, iChina yakhiqiza amathani ayi-138000 kamazibuthe we-Neodymium, okubalelwa ku-87% womkhiqizo ophelele womhlaba, cishe izikhathi eziyi-10 kuneyaseJapan, eyesibili ngobukhulu emhlabeni.
2. Ozibuthe be-Neodymium bomhlaba abangavamile basetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni.
Ngokombono wezinkambu zohlelo lokusebenza, uzibuthe we-Neodymium osezingeni eliphansi usetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ekukhangiseni kazibuthe, ukwahlukanisa kazibuthe, ibhayisikili likagesi, ibhande lemithwalo, ibhande lomnyango, amathoyizi nezinye izinkambu, kuyilapho umazibuthe we-Neodymium osebenza kakhulu esetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zikagesi. amamotho, afaka injini yokonga amandla, imoto yemoto, ukukhiqiza amandla omoya, okokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe okulalelwayo nokubukwayo, i-lifti motor, njll.
3. Izinto zokwakha zaseChina zeNeodymium ezingavamile zikhula kancane kancane.
Kusukela ngo-2000, i-China isibe ngumkhiqizi omkhulu kunayo yonke emhlabeni wezibuthe ze-Neodymium ezingavamile. Ngokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezansi nomfula, ukukhishwa kwezinto zikazibuthe ze-NdFeB eChina kuye kwakhula ngokushesha. Ngokwemininingwane ye-China Rare Earth Industry Association ngo-2019, ukukhishwa kwezikhala ze-Sintered Neodymium kwaba amathani ayi-170000, okubalelwa ku-94.3% wesamba esiphelele sezinto zikazibuthe ze-Neodymium ngalowo nyaka, i-NdFeB ehlanganisiwe yaba ngu-4.4%, kanye nokunye okukhiphayo okuphelele. ibalwa ku-1.3% kuphela.
4. Ukukhiqizwa kukazibuthe we-Neodymium yaseChina kulindeleke ukuthi kuqhubeke ukukhuphuka.
Ukusetshenziswa komhlaba wonke kwe-NdFeB kusatshalaliswa embonini yezimoto, amabhasi nojantshi, irobhothi elihlakaniphile, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla omoya kanye nezimoto zamandla amasha. Izinga lokukhula kwezimboni ezingenhla eminyakeni emihlanu ezayo zonke lizokweqa i-10%, okuzoholela ekwandeni kokukhiqizwa kwe-Neodymium e-China. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kukazibuthe we-Neodymium e-China kuzogcina izinga lokukhula lika-6% eminyakeni emihlanu ezayo, futhi kuzodlula amathani angu-260000 ngo-2025.
5. Isidingo sokusebenza okuphezulu kwezinto zikazibuthe zomhlaba ezingavamile kulindeleke ukuba sikhule.
Ozibuthe bomhlaba abangajwayelekile abasebenza kakhulu basetshenziswa kakhulu emikhakheni yezomnotho enekhabhoni ephansi, njengokonga amandla kanye nomkhakha wokukhiqiza ukuvikela imvelo. Njengoba amazwe emhlabeni jikelele etshala imali eningi embonini yokukhiqiza enekhabhoni ephansi, ukonga amandla kanye nokuvikela imvelo futhi ekhuthaza imikhiqizo eluhlaza, amazwe atshala imali eningi embonini yokukhiqiza enekhabhoni ephansi, eyonga amandla kanye nokuvikela imvelo futhi akhuthaze imikhiqizo eluhlaza Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo izimboni ezisafufusa njengezimoto zamandla amasha, amarobhothi aphehla amandla omoya kanye nokukhiqiza okuhlakaniphile, isidingo somazibuthe basomhlaba abangasebenzi abasezingeni eliphezulu kulindeleke ukuthi sikhule. Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kwezimboni ezisafufusa, isidingo sezinto ezisebenza kahle zikazibuthe zomhlaba ezingavamile kulindeleke ukuthi sikhule.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-06-2021